Hugo borchardt



(No Model.) 7

- H. BORCHARDT PROJBGTILE'. v No. 577,183. Patented Feb. 16,1897.

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injoo nr'incnnno'r, or BERLIN, GERMANY.

IPROJECTILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 577,183,'dated February 16, 1897.

Application filed July 19, 1895. Serial No. 556,448. (No modelJ 5, 1895, No, 116,447 in Hungary Julyfi, 1895,1111. 5,180; in England July 8, 1895, No. 13,169; in France July 3,1895, No. 248,743 1895, No. 4,399; in Italy- July 30, 1895,110. 39,273/; in Austria 10, 1895,110. 17,700, andin Denmark September 17, 1896, N0. 747.

zerland July 5, 1895,11'0. 10,770 in Belgium July To (1.7.! [117007)11 [.15 may concern:

3e it known that 1, HUGO BORCHARDT, a citizen of the United States of America, residingin Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Projectiles, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention is patented in Germany, No. 85,149, dated June 19,1805; in Great Britain, No. 113,169, dated .l'ulyS, 1895; in Belgium, No. 116,147, datedv July 5, 1895; in France, No. 218,713, dated July 8, 1895; in Italy, No. 3.),273/60, dated July 30, 1805; in Denmark, No. 7-17, dated September 17, 1890; in Norway, No. 4,399,.dated July 12, 1895; in Hungary, No. 5,1Sl),dated July 6,1895; in Austria, No. 15/2,!)31, dated August 22,1895; in Sweden, No. 6,897, dated July 10, 1895; inSpain, X0. 17,700, dated September 10, 1895, and in Switzerland, No. 10,770, dated July 5, 1895.

This invention relates to im 'n'ove nents in the construction of projectiles whereby their elliciency is materially increased.

The capability of piercing thick armorplates of steel or iron with projectiles as at present constructed (irrespective of the material of which they are formed) can only be obtained by strictly adhering to the rules and. conditions relating to moving bodies and of two projectiles moving with equal velocities,

(that is to say, the product of mass multiplied I by speed being alike in the two projectiles, the one having the smallcroaliber willpicrco through the thickest armor-plate.)

It will'bc readily understood that, for a certain caliber an increased weightof inc mass can only be obtained by increasing the length of the projectilc, which hitherto could only be carried f to rather narrow limits in order to insure the requisite stability of the projectile in its llight and to keep its axis within the trajectory; tangent, so that its point must always strike home lirst. In consequence of the limits just mentioned thev length given to projmitilcs has i hitherto been conlim-d practically to three or four diameters, and in order to increase the ctliciency the general tendency has been to increasethe initial velocity. The :nlvantagc derived from sin-h pra tice is, however, coni- Patented in Germany 11 111919, 1595,11'0- 85,148 ;iu Switin Sweden July 10,1895, No. 6,887; in Norway July 12,

The present inventionlenables projectiles having a length equal to'te'nto fifteen or more diameters, that is to say, projectiles having a ratio of mass relatively'to the cross-section far beyond anything heretofore known orpossible, to be fired'with complete safety to any distance and without having to alter existing weapons. The efficiency of the projectiles, that is to say, their penetrating power, in relation to existing projectiles, is thus greatly increased, so that with the improved projectile an armor-plate having a thickness equal to five diameters of the projectile has been pierced.

The manner of carrying the invention into elfcct is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which the invention is shown applied, by way of examples, to a small-arm cartridge and to an artilleryprojectile. It mayhere be mentioned that thcarrangemcnt shown in connection with small projectiles may be adapted to the largest ealibers with much greater effect and facility.

Figure 1 shows a section of acomplcte cartridge ['or inl'antry use furnished with my iniprovcments. Fig. 2 shows the core or bolt of the projectile. Fig. I} shows an armorpiercing project il'o with my invention applied thereto. 1

Referring tn the drawings, let A indicate a cartridge and ll a projectile. In Figs. 1 and 2 let .1, indicate the core and Z) the covering or casing ol the projectile, and in Fig. 33 let (Hand 1) indicate like parts of a inodilicd construction.

lly examining the drawings the nature of the present invention will be readily understood, bearing in mind that the loading idea is to enable projectiles \vitli'a relatively small diameter and the greatest possible weight to be tired safely and to be got home with the greatest precision. As will be seen, theoutcr purpose forwhich the-projectile is tobe used,

.is to fire the whole projectile as a single piece till it strikes home, at which moment the outer shell I) becomes separated from the core orbolt; (I either by exploding the shell or by slipping oil therefrom, thereby enabling the latter to penetrate with full energyaud pierce the object struck.

It is scarcely necessar to add that-the material for the outer shell willdepend on the and in some cases special means will be required for holding or guiding the core or'bolt (a in its shell I), which, however, do not allect the nature of the present; invention. 5 The main purposeot the present invention 7;

is to all'ord means whereby it is possible to tire projectiles or any desired length in rela- 5 tion to their diameter-with the same accu- I racy and sal -t) as can be done with projectiles ol' the cons ruction hitherto in use and therebymatcria I to increase the penetrating action of the projectile on armor-plates.

,\lth ugh the drawings show examples of the application oi the invention toonly two ditl'erent forms of projectile, it. is not intended to limit its application to these two kinds,

but rather to illustrate the manner in which it can be adapted to projectiles of various 7 kinds and diameters.

\Vhat I,claim is- An aruler-piercing projectile, consisting ol an outer cylindrical or similarlysliaped shell of heavy metal and an externalLv-smooth central core separabl'y connected to and extending through the said shell, whereby the core can ge free of the body of the shell at the moment ofimpact: ot' theprojeet-ile and t-hereby then act with its full momentum independently ol' the shell, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereuntosigned my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses;

I HUGO HORtlliUilYl.

Witnesses:

.H'. t Serums,

Rt ll. KouX. 

